Wednesday 13 December, 2006

Bhartiya Chronology 3228 BC - 1947 AD

(BC)
3228
Descension of Bhagwan Krishn
3139 The Mahabharat WarStart of Brihadrath dynasty of MagadhStart of Yudhisthir dynasty of Hastinapur
3102 Ascension of Bhagwan Krishn, start of kaliyug
2139 End of Brihadrath dynasty
2139-2001 Pradyot dynasty
2001-1641 Shishunag dynasty
1894-1814 Gautam Buddh
1641-1541 Nandas
1541-1241 Maurya dynasty
1541-1507 Chandragupt Maurya
1507-1479 Bindusar
1479-1443 Ashokvardhan
1241-784 Shung and Kanau dynasty
784-328 Andhra dynasty
509-477 Jagadguru Shankaracharya
328-83 Gupt dynasty
328-321 Chandragupt Vijayaditya
326 Alexander’s invasion
321-270 Samudragupt Ashokaditya Priyadarshin, orAshok the Great
102BC-15AD Vikramaditya, established Vikram era in 57 BC

(AD)
25-85 Shalivahan, established Shalivahan Shak era in 78 AD
85-1192 There were several kingdoms of Rajpoot kings all overIndia. They ruled for 1,107 years.
1192-1757 In 1192, Mohammad Gori invaded Delhi (Hastinapur) thesecond time, defeated and killed Prithviraj Chauhan, andbecame the king. Since then several dynasties ofMuslims ruled India for 565 years.
1757-1947 In 1757 English regime was established in Bengal.British ruled India for 190 years.
1947 India got Independence


3228 BC – Descension of Bhagwan Krishn
According to the “Surya Siddhant” the astrologers have calculated that kaliyug started on the afternoon of 17th February, 3102 BC. In the Bhagwatam, Brahma tells in round figures that Krishn remained on this earth planet for 125 years
Accordingly, if 125 years is added to February, 3102, it comes to February 3227 BC. But Krishn’s descension was in the Rohini nakcÝhatra (asterism) of the 8th waning moon midnight of bhadon (August) which is about seven months earlier. Thus, His descension date is 3228 BC and He stayed on the earth planet for 125 years and about 7 months.

3139 BC – The Mahabharat War
The Pandavas, after winning the Mahabharat war, ruled for 36 years and 8 months until the start of kaliyug in 3102 BC. Accordingly, the date of Mahabharat war comes to 3139 BC.

3102 BC – Beginning of Kaliyug
The famous Aihole inscription of glorious Chalulaya King Pulkeshi II of the 7th century says,
It means, “3,735 (30 + 3,000 + 700 + 5) years have already elapsed in kaliyug
after the Mahabharat war, and 556 (50 + 6 + 500) years of Shalivahan era is running (on this date of engraving this inscription).” The inscription says that 3,735 years of kaliyug had already elapsed. It means the 3,736th year of Kali era was running in the Shak era 556 AD which was 556 + 78 = 634 AD. Thus, deducting 634 from 3,736 comes to 3102 BC. (For more evidences read Mahabharat - 3139 BC).

3139–83 BC - The Magadh Dynasties
The authority of the Bhagwatam is taken to determine the dates of the dynasties of the kings of Magadh up to the Andhra dynasty. There were nine dynasties that ruled Magadh after the Mahabharat war (3139 BC). They were: 21 kings in Brihadrath dynasty (1,000 years), 5 in Pradyot (138 years), 10 in Shishunag (360 years), one King Mahapadm Nand along with his 8 sons (100 years), 10 Maurya (137 years), 10 Shung and 4 Kanva (457 years), and 30 kings of Andhra dynasty for 456 years (Bhagwatam 9/22/46-49, 12/1/1-28). The ninth one is Gupt dynasty. There were seven kings in the Gupt dynasty with total reigning period of 245 years (Kaliyug Rajvrittant, Bhavishyottar Puran).
The reigning period of 10 Maurya kings, shown only for 137 years, appears to be much less as compared to the reigning period of the other kings of Magadh. Apart from the Mauryas, 81 kings in the other seven dynasties ruled for 2,511 years which give an average of 31 years per king. It appears to be a copying mistake while writing the period of Maurya dynasty. Probably, instead of 317 it was mistakenly written as 137, because the Kaliyug Rajvrittant gives the figure of 316 years for 10 Maurya kings. However, 300 years in round figures for the Maurya dynasty has been taken.

1894–1814 BC – Gautam Buddh
According to the Buddhist records, Gautam Buddh was already 72 years old at the time of Ajatshatnu’s coronation; it means that he was in his 73rd year at that time. Shishunag dynasty’s period is 2001 BC to 1641 BC. The first five kings of Shishunag dynasty, Shishunag to Bindusar, ruled for (40+36+26+40+38) 180 years. Then Ajatshatnu became the king and ruled for 27 years. Accordingly, 2001 BC (-) 180 = 1821 BC is the coronation year of Ajatshatnu. Adding 73 years (the existing age of Gautam Buddh at that time) to 1821 BC comes to 1894 BC. Thus, the date of birth of Gautam Buddh is 1894 BC and his nirvan year is (1894-80) 1814 BC. He was born on Vaishakh full moon day which is March/April.

1541–1507 BC – Chandragupt Maurya
Magadh was the fourth dynasty after the Mahabharat war (3139 BC). Chandragupt Maurya was the first king of the Maurya dynasty. His mother’s name was Mur, so he was called Maurya in Sanskrit which means the son of Mur, and thus, his dynasty was called Maurya dynasty. A pious, learned and determined brahman, Chanakya, also known as Kautilya, who didn’t have a pleasant appearance but had an intelligent brain, managed to terminate the existing King Mahapadm Nand and his eight sons and made Chandragupt the King of Magadh who was also the legitimate heir of the throne. The total period of the four dynasties including the Nand dynasty after the Mahabharat war is 1,598 years (1,000 + 138 + 360 + 100). Thus, the coronation date of Chandragupt Maurya comes to 3139 - 1598 = 1541 BC. Chandragupt Maurya ruled for 34 years (1541-1507 BC), his son Bindusar ruled 28 years (1507-1479 BC) and his grandson Ashokvardhan ruled for 36 years (1479-1443 BC).

509–477 BC – Jagadguru Shankaracharya
The most efficient documentary evidence of Shankaracharya’s period is the carefully preserved date-wise list of all the succeeding Shankaracharyas who sat on that religious throne which was established by Adi (the original) Shankaracharya thousands of years ago; and that list goes back up to 477 BC. Adi Shankaracharya lived only 32 years so his birth date is 477 + 32 = 509 BC. He had established four maths. (Math is a religious throne, which is used as a center for propagating dharm, and whoever sits on that throne, holds the title of Shankaracharya.) In his last days, Adi Shankaracharya lived in Kanchi Kamkoti so it is also considered as a math. Dwarika Sharda Math and Kanchi Kamkoti Math both have the complete date-wise record of all the succeeding Shankaracharyas for the last 2,500 years, but the records of Kanchi Math are more detailed.Shankaracharya, after establishing the four maths and spreading the greatness of Sanatan Dharm, came back to South India and, for the last four to six years of his life, he lived in Kanchi Kamkoti. Thus, Kanchi Kamkoti is also called the fifth math. Thus, according to the records of Kanchi Kamkoti Math, Adi Shankaracharya was born on 2593 Kali era and left this earth planet on 2625 Kali era which comes to (3102 - 2593) 509 BC and (3102 - 2625) 477 BC.

328–83 BC – Gupt Dynasty
The Gupt dynasty was the ninth Magadh dynasty. There were seven kings in the Gupt dynasty: (1) Chandragupt Vijayaditya (ruling period 7 years), (2) Samudragupt Ashokaditya Priyadarshin or Ashok the Great (51 years), (3) Chandragupt II Vikramaditya (36 years), (4) Kumargupt Mahendraditya (42 years), (5) Skandgupt Parakramaditya (25 years), (6) Nrasinghgupt Baladitya (40 years) and (7) Kumargupt II Vikramaditya (44 years). The total reigning period was 245 years. After the downfall of Gupt dynasty the kingship of Magadh ended and it went under the subordination of Vikramaditya of Ujjain (Malva).

102 BC–15 AD – Vikramaditya and Start of Vikram era in 57 BC
Vikram era started in 57 BC by Vikramaditya the Great as a commemoration of his victory upon the Shaks. There is plentiful literature on Vikramaditya, and in the Bhavishya Puran itself there are descriptions of Vikramaditya in more than 40 chapters between Pratisarg Parv I and IV. Pratisarg Parv IV, chapter 1 of Bhavishya Puran says that after the elapse of a full 3,000 years in kaliyug (3102 - 3000 = 102 BC), a dynamic Divine personality was born who was named Vikramaditya. Bhavishya Puran further says that the great King Vikramaditya ruled for one hundred years. When he was only five years old he went into the jungles to worship God. After twelve years, when he came out, God Shiv sent for him a celestial golden throne which was decorated with thirty-two statues. According to the above descriptions Vikramaditya lived for (5 years + 12 years + 100 years) 117 years (102 BC - 15 AD).Kalidas, the greatest poet, writer and the literary figure of his time, living a pious life and sincerely devoted to his scholarly work, was one of the nine gems of King Vikram’s court. The “Jyotirvidabharnam” by Kalidas tells in its first chapter
that Vikram era started at the elapse of (agni 3, ambar 0, yug 4 and ved 4 = 3,0,4,4) 3,044 years of kaliyug. Thus, the 3,045th year of kaliyug was the beginning of Vikram era which is 57 BC. At the end of Jyotirvidabharnam, Mahakavi Kalidas mentions the exact date of his writing and says that
in the Kali era 3067 he had started to write this book. It means, he wrote that book when 3,067 years of kaliyug had passed. That comes to 35 BC (3102 - 3067 = 35), which is after the beginning of Vikram era.Thus, Vikramaditya was born in 102 BC (3102-3000), established his ‘era’ in 57 BC and left this earth planet in 15 AD.

25–85 AD – Shalivahan and Start of Shalivahan Shak era in 78 AD
Detail of the kings of Pramar dynasty up to King Bhojraj as given in the Bhavishya Puran (Pratisarg Parv IV chapter one) states Vikramaditya, son of Gandharv Sen, reigned up to 15 AD. Vikramaditya’s son Deobhakt ruled from 15-25 AD and his grandson, Shalivahan, ruled from 25-85 AD. Shalivahan established his era in 78 AD. It is called the Shalivahan Shak era.

4 comments:

Unknown said...

Hello all,

I appreciate the notable efforts to revisit the history through chronology derived out of notations in ancient texts. But this time, the dates are quite disputable (after those for Mahabharat...) as the kings are jumbled up in dynasties that they did not belong to.

With all due respect, I presume MANY clarifications are required. To illustrate one examples, Chanakya and Samrat Chandragupt Maurya were contemporaries of Alexander...and Samrat Ashok followed soon... Gupt dynasty is associated with Malwa (Ujjayini as capital) and not with Magadh...

Please verify and update...

Best regards...

Unknown said...

Hello all of you,

Its really a very good effort from your end. Although as Sammer has already posted in his comments , you should reconsider all the dates you have given here once more .........

But its really very pleasing to see that you have mentioned the Mahabharta Yug & Krishna Yug, which is not a part of history (I mean in our course books) ...........

What about Rama Yug ???? .....

Wish you success ..........

--== Yogesh Tanwar ==--

Anonymous said...

Irrespective of anything else.

Maurya is derived from Maur.

It is Goth/ Clan surname.

It cannot be derived from the mother's name. That was an error propagated by a late commentator


Ravi Chaudhary

Anonymous said...

hi everybody


Just saying hello while I read through the posts


hopefully this is just what im looking for looks like i have a lot to read.